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A properly installed door closer does much more than close a door—it protects people, property, and the door itself. In commercial buildings, closers are required on most doors to ensure safe closing, fire code compliance, and accessibility.

If a door slams, fails to latch, or swings too freely, it’s time to check the closer. This guide explains the main commercial door closer types, how ANSI/BHMA grades affect durability, and what to look for to stay ADA compliant.

Why Every Commercial Door Needs a Closer

A door closer is a mechanical device that regulates how a door closes after it’s opened, ensuring it shuts automatically, smoothly, and safely. In commercial buildings, it’s one of the most essential pieces of door hardware—both for safety and long-term performance.

A properly adjusted closer:

1. Keeps doors latched and secure, protecting against unauthorized entry.
2. Prevents slamming, minimizing stress on hinges, frames, and hardware.
3. Ensures fire doors close fully to meet code and contain smoke or flames.
4. Maintains ADA accessibility, allowing doors to open and close with minimal force.
5. Improves energy efficiency, keeping interior spaces sealed and climate-controlled.
   
   

From busy office corridors to healthcare facilities and retail entrances, the right door closer delivers consistent, reliable performance—keeping every door safe, quiet, and compliant day after day.

Types of Commercial Door Closers

Not all door closers look or perform the same. The right choice depends on the door type, mounting location, and traffic volume.

Surface-Mounted Door Closers

Surface Door Closers are the most common type—visible on the door or frame and easy to install. 

Arm styles include:

• Standard arm: Offers strong closing power but is the most visible.
• Parallel arm: Mounted on the push side for a cleaner look.
• Top jamb: Ideal for aluminum or glass storefront doors.
  
  

Best for: Offices, classrooms, and public facilities.

Concealed Door Closers

Concealed Door Closers are nstalled within the door or frame for a clean, modern look.

• Overhead concealed closers fit in the header and are hidden when the door is closed.
• Floor closers are embedded under the threshold—great for glass or all-glass entrances.
  
  

Best for: Architectural doors where aesthetics matter as much as function.

Overhead and Specialty Closers

Overhead Door Closers are Used for heavy or specialized doors.

• Overhead closers handle high-traffic or large entryways.
• Hydraulic or pneumatic models give smoother control for healthcare or lab environments.
• Spring hinges are a lighter option but lack adjustability.
  
  

Best for: Institutional, industrial, or healthcare facilities.

Adjustable Features: Sweep, Latch, and Backcheck

Modern commercial door closers include several adjustment points that let you fine-tune performance:

• Sweep speed: Controls how fast the door moves through the main swing.
• Latch speed: Controls the final few inches of closing—important for consistent latching.
• Backcheck: Slows the door before it hits the wall to prevent damage.
  Delayed action (optional): Holds the door open briefly for accessibility or carts.
  
  

Proper adjustment ensures the door closes smoothly, safely, and meets both ADA and life-safety codes.

Grade Ratings and ADA Requirements

ANSI/BHMA A156.4 Grades

Door closers are tested under ANSI/BHMA A156.4 to ensure long-term performance.

Grade	Cycles Tested	Common Use	Description
Grade 1	2 million+	Heavy-duty commercial	Longest life and highest durability
Grade 2	1 million	Medium traffic	Reliable, cost-effective performance
Grade 3	500,000	Light-duty	Interior or low-use doors

For any door that’s fire-rated or high-traffic, Grade 1 is the best choice. It’s built to last and meets stricter testing standards.

ADA Door Closer Force

To comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), closers must allow doors to open and close with minimal effort.

• Interior doors: Maximum 5 lbs of opening force.
• Exterior doors: As light as possible while still latching securely.
• Closing time: From 90° to 12° from latch must take at least 5 seconds.
  
  

ADA-compliant models make entry easy for everyone while maintaining safety and code compliance.

Installation and Maintenance Tips

Even the highest-quality door closer won’t perform as intended if it’s installed or adjusted incorrectly. During installation, it’s essential to follow the manufacturer’s template for accurate hole placement and alignment. Always choose the correct arm type based on the door swing and frame design, and use UL-listed closers on any fire-rated openings. Whenever possible, install the closer on the protected side of exterior doors to reduce exposure to weather and vandalism.

Once mounted, take time to fine-tune the closer’s adjustments. Make small, gradual turns to the sweep and latch valves—never force them—and test the door several times to confirm smooth operation and proper latching. Local factors such as wind pressure or HVAC airflow can affect performance, so adjust accordingly until the door closes evenly and without slamming.

Regular maintenance is key to long-term reliability. Inspect door closers every six to twelve months for oil leaks, loose screws, or worn arms, and clean exterior surfaces with mild soap and water. Avoid harsh chemicals that can damage finishes. Replace leaking or damaged units promptly to prevent further wear on the door or frame. With consistent care, a quality commercial door closer will operate quietly and safely for many years.

Shop ADA-Compliant Door Closers at National Lock Supply

Whether you’re replacing a worn unit or specifying new construction hardware, National Lock Supply carries a complete range of commercial door closers tested to ANSI/BHMA A156.4 and UL fire standards.

• Top Brands: LCN, Norton, Yale, Sargent, Corbin Russwin.
• Fast Shipping: Most orders ship the same business day.
• ADA-Compliant Models: Adjustable force, delayed action, and smooth hydraulic control.
• Contractor Discounts: Save on multi-door or large project orders.
• Expert Support: U.S.-based team ready to assist with selection and installation questions.
  
  

From small offices to healthcare facilities, National Lock Supply provides dependable closers that meet every safety, accessibility, and performance standard.